SI1-SI2 B sinf HPHT marvaridlar uchun sun'iy olmos tosh
SI1-SI2 B sinf HPHT marvaridlar uchun sun'iy olmos tosh
- Laboratoriyada yetishtirilgan olmos nima
Tabiiy va laboratoriyada o'stirilgan olmos o'rtasidagi farq ularning qanday yaratilganiga bog'liq.Laboratoriyada o'stirilgan olmoslar laboratoriyada sun'iy ravishda, tabiiy olmoslar esa erda yaratilgan.
Birinchi muvaffaqiyatli sintetik olmoslar yuqori bosim/yuqori harorat (HPHT) ishlab chiqarish bilan tabiatga taqlid qilish orqali qilingan.HPHT olmoslarini tayyorlash uchun uchta asosiy ishlab chiqarish jarayoni qo'llaniladi: kamar pressi, kubik press va split-sfera (BARS) press.Har bir jarayonning maqsadi olmos o'sishi sodir bo'lishi mumkin bo'lgan juda yuqori bosim va harorat muhitini yaratishdir.Har bir jarayon uglerodga joylashtirilgan va olmosni etishtirish uchun juda yuqori bosim va harorat ostida qo'yilgan kichik olmos urug'idan boshlanadi.
Sintetik olmosni o'stirishning yana bir mashhur usuli - kimyoviy bug'larni cho'ktirish (CVD).O'sish past bosim ostida (atmosfera bosimi ostida) sodir bo'ladi.Bu gazlar aralashmasini (odatda 1 dan 99 gacha metandan vodorodga) chamverga oziqlantirishni va ularni mikroto'lqinli pechlar, issiq filament, ark razryadi, payvandlash mash'alasi yoki lazer bilan yondirilgan plazmadagi kimyoviy faol radikallarga bo'lishdan iborat.Bu usul asosan qoplamalar uchun ishlatiladi, lekin bir necha millimetr o'lchamdagi yagona kristallarni ham ishlab chiqishi mumkin.
2. Laboratoriyada yetishtirilgan olmosning spetsifikatsiyasi
| Kod # | Baho | Karat Og'irligi | Aniqlik | Hajmi |
| 04A | A | 0,2-0,4 ct | VVS VS | 3,0-4,0 mm |
| 06A | A | 0,4-0,6 ct | VVS VS | 4,0-4,5 mm |
| 08A | A | 0,6-0,8 ct | VVS-SI1 | 4,0-5,0 mm |
| 08B | B | 0,6-0,8 ct | SI1-SI2 | 4,0-5,0 mm |
| 08C | C | 0,6-0,8 ct | SI2-I1 | 4,0-5,0 mm |
| 08D | D | 0,6-0,8 ct | I1-I3 | 4,0-5,0 mm |
| 10A | A | 0,8-1,0 ct | VVS-SI1 | 4,5-5,5 mm |
| 10B | B | 0,8-1,0 ct | SI1-SI2 | 4,5-5,5 mm |
| 10C | C | 0,8-1,0 ct | SI2-I1 | 4,5-5,5 mm |
| 10D | D | 0,8-1,0 ct | I1-I3 | 4,5-5,5 mm |
| 15A | A | 1,0-1,5 ct | VVS-SI1 | 5,0-6,0 mm |
| 15B | B | 1,0-1,5 ct | SI1-SI2 | 5,0-6,0 mm |
| 15C | C | 1,0-1,5 ct | SI2-I1 | 5,0-6,0 mm |
| 15D | D | 1,0-1,5 ct | I1-I3 | 5,0-6,0 mm |
| 20A | A | 1,5-2,0 ct | VVS-SI1 | 5,5-6,5 mm |
| 20B | B | 1,5-2,0 ct | SI1-SI2 | 5,5-6,5 mm |
| 20C | C | 1,5-2,0 ct | SI2-I1 | 5,5-6,5 mm |
| 20D | D | 1,5-2,0 ct | I1-I3 | 5,5-6,5 mm |
| 25A | A | 2,0-2,5 ct | VVS-SI1 | 6,5-7,5 mm |
| 25B | B | 2,0-2,5 ct | SI1-SI2 | 6,5-7,5 mm |
| 25C | C | 2,0-2,5 ct | SI2-I1 | 6,5-7,5 mm |
| 25D | D | 2,0-2,5 ct | I1-I3 | 6,5-7,5 mm |
| 30A | A | 2,5-3,0 ct | VVS-SI1 | 7,0-8,0 mm |
| 30B | B | 2,5-3,0 ct | SI1-SI2 | 7,0-8,0 mm |
| 30C | C | 2,5-3,0 ct | SI2-I1 | 7,0-8,0 mm |
| 30D | D | 2,5-3,0 ct | I1-I3 | 7,0-8,0 mm |
| 35A | A | 3,0-3,5 ct | VVS-SI1 | 7,0-8,5 mm |
| 35B | B | 3,0-3,5 ct | SI1-SI2 | 7,0-8,5 mm |
| 35C | C | 3,0-3,5 ct | SI2-I1 | 7,0-8,5 mm |
| 35D | D | 3,0-3,5 ct | I1-I3 | 7,0-8,5 mm |
| 40A | A | 3,5-4,0 ct | VVS-SI1 | 8,5-9,0 mm |
| 40B | B | 3,5-4,0 ct | SI1-SI2 | 8,5-9,0 mm |
| 40C | C | 3,5-4,0 ct | SI2-I1 | 8,5-9,0 mm |
| 40D | D | 3,5-4,0 ct | I1-I3 | 8,5-9,0 mm |
| 50A | A | 4,0-5,0 ct | VVS-SI1 | 7,5-9,5 mm |
| 50B | B | 4,0-5,0 ct | SI1-SI2 | 7,5-9,5 mm |
| 60A | A | 5,0-6,0 ct | VVS-SI1 | 8,5-10 mm |
| 60B | B | 5,0-6,0 ct | SI1-SI2 | 8,5-10 mm |
| 70A | A | 6,0-7,0 ct | VVS-SI1 | 9,0-10,5 mm |
| 70B | B | 6,0-7,0 ct | SI1-SI2 | 9,0-10,5 mm |
| 80A | A | 7,0-8,0 ct | VVS-SI1 | 9,0-11 mm |
| 80B | B | 7,0-8,0 ct | SI1-SI2 | 9,0-11 mm |
| 80+A | A | 8,0ct + | VVS-SI1 | 9 mm+ |
| 80+B | B | 8,0ct + | SI1-SI2 | 9 mm+ |
3. Tez-tez beriladigan savollar
- Savol: Bu haqiqiy olmosmi yoki yo'qmi?A: Bu haqiqiy olmos, lekin laboratoriyada o'stirilgan, tabiatda emas.
B. Savol: Bu laboratoriyada yetishtirilgan olmosning narxi tabiatdagi olmosnikiga qaraganda qancha?
Javob: Turli xil vazn va ravshanlik uchun tabiatdan 30-70% pastroq.
C. Savol: olmosni kesib olishingiz mumkinmi?
Javob: Ha, biz sizning talabingizga binoan olmosni kesishimiz mumkin.
D. Savol: A va B sinf o'rtasidagi farq nima?
Javob: A darajasi VS, VVS tiniqligiga ega, B darajasi esa SI1-SI2 ravshanligiga ega, boshqacha qilib aytganda, A darajasi B darajasiga qaraganda tozaroq.
E. Q: Buyurtmani etkazib berish muddati qancha
Javob: Hajmining katta qismi 3-5 ish kuni ichida jo'natiladi.
